Jurisdictions
United States
No federal preemption. A widening lattice of state statutes with incompatible definitions, staggered effective dates, and uncapped per-violation exposure.
Federal — EO 14409
The June 2, 2026 "voluntary" 30-day review places model documentation into the permanent federal record. Absence of history reads as evidence of negligence.
Colorado SB 24-205
The first comprehensive US state AI law. $20,000 per violation, uncapped — a single high-risk decision can eclipse a full year of structural coverage.
California SB 942 / AB 2013
Phased transparency and training-data disclosure obligations through 2026, with escalating per-day civil penalties for non-compliance.
The State Patchwork
Illinois, Texas, Utah and others define an "AI system", a "consequential decision", and a "deployer" differently. There is no federal layer to reconcile them.